Technology
Technology
Measurement, simulation, and their validation boundaries
Biomechanics instruments report a mixture of direct observations and quantities derived through calibration, geometry, signal processing, or a physical model. This hub points to articles that examine those layers. A summary here is an editorial description of the linked article; it is not independent evidence for that article’s equations, numbers, causal interpretation, or validation state.
Available means the linked article can be read. It does not mean every claim on the page is validated. Each article must identify what is measured, derived, estimated, simulated, or proposed; name its sources and assumptions; and retain its own uncertainty, falsifiers, and audience limits. Until that page’s route-level audit is protected-closed, treat its scientific conclusions as page-specific and not inherited by this hub.
Measurement Guides
Force Measurement Technology
Article state: Available. Surveys force plates, pressure mats, wrench and centre-of-pressure conventions, calibration, and instrument limitations. Device specifications and performance claims require the sources and conditions on the article page.
Motion Capture Technology
Article state: Available. Surveys marker-based, markerless, inertial, and imaging methods, including calibration, coordinate conventions, and error sources. No modality is declared universally accurate by this hub.
Launch Monitor Technology
Article state: Available. Surveys radar and photometric methods and separates direct observations from inferred club and ball quantities. Vendor behavior and accuracy remain device-, firmware-, protocol-, and condition-specific.
Launch Monitor Vendor Reference
Article state: Available. Indexes public vendor documentation and parameter definitions. It is a source map, not certification, an endorsement, or proof that identically named fields are numerically interchangeable.
Modeling and Analysis Guides
Club Fitting Simulation and Parameter Identification
Article state: Available; engineering workflow experimental. Describes counterfactual club-model changes, shaft and inertia representations, and data interchange. A deterministic computation is still conditional on its model, parameters, solver, input trajectory, and validation envelope.
Multibody Impact Coupling and the Heavy Hit Hypothesis
Article state: Available; hypothesis scope model-conditioned. Examines short-duration impact, wave-transit and multibody-coupling arguments. Read the linked derivation and limitations before applying any result to a person, club, impact condition, or coaching claim.
The Reference-Point Problem in Club Delivery Data
Article state: Available. Examines how a reported velocity or path depends on the selected point on a rotating clubhead. Numerical examples remain conditional on the declared geometry and measurement convention.
Impact Mechanics and Ball Flight
Article state: Available. Surveys collision and flight models, their parameters, and disagreements. Worked predictions are model outputs, not a universal launch-monitor or player result.
Rotation-Induced Spin
Article state: Available; bounded model result. Develops a rigid-contact calculation for a rotating face and brackets it with contact assumptions. The physical result depends on whether those assumptions describe the impact.
The Physics of the Rolling Putt
Article state: Available. Derives idealized impact, skid, roll, slope, and capture models. Parameters and course conditions bound any numerical prediction.
Simulating the Green
Article state: Available; software and stochastic extensions experimental. Describes how idealized roll equations, event handling, surfaces, and uncertainty can be represented in software. Simulated make regions are not validated player make rates.